Dampak Celah Bibir dan Langit-Langit terhadap Kualitas Hidup Anak: A Scoping Review of Nutritional, Speech, and Psychosocial Outcomes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56742/nchat.v7i1.334Keywords:
Asupan Nutrisi, Celah Bibir dan Langit-Langit, Gangguan Bicara, Kualitas Hidup Anak, PsikososialAbstract
Kejadian Celah bibir dan langit-langit (CBL) di dunia sekitar 1-2 per 1000 kelahiran bayi yang hidup setiap tahunnya dengan kejadian tertinggi terjadi pada masyarakat di daerah Asia yaitu sekitar 1 per 500 kelahiran bayi yang hidup setiap tahunnya. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui efek dari celah bibir dan langit-langit terhadap kualitas hidup anak berdasarkan scoping review. Penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode Scoping Review. Sampel penelitian diperoleh dari jurnal yang sudah diseleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dengan metode PRISMA. Database yang digunakan untuk melakukan pencarian literatur berupa Pubmed, Cochrane, Science direct dan Google Scholar. Hasil: Terdapat efek CBL terhadap kualitas hidup anak. Dari total 25 studi yang diidentifikasi, diantaranya terdapat 8 studi yang memengaruhi asupan nutrisi, 10 studi menunjukkan terdapat gangguan bicara, dan 12 studi memengaruhi kesejahteraan psikososial. Beberapa jurnal yang di review memiliki desain penelitian observasional dengan variasi metode yang cukup lebar. Namun, perbedaan fokus penelitian, keterbatasan data rinci, serta variasi desain observasional pada jurnal yang direview menimbulkan potensi bias dan membatasi generalisasi temuan, sehingga interpretasi hasil perlu dilakukan dengan hati-hati. Anak dengan CBL menghadapi masalah kompleks berupa kesulitan makan, gangguan bicara, dan tantangan psikososial yang berdampak pada kualitas hidup. Kesulitan makan memengaruhi nutrisi dan pertumbuhan, sedangkan gangguan bicara menghambat komunikasi serta partisipasi sosial. Stigma dan kurangnya penerimaan juga menurunkan kesejahteraan psikososial.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Ruby Riana Asparini, Annisa’ Hasanah, Natasya Putri Nadia Lubis
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