Evaluasi Kandungan Fenol Total, Flavonoid Total, serta Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Antibakteri Daun Gandarusa (Justicia Gendarussa Burm.F.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56742/nchat.v5i2.200Keywords:
Antibakteri, Antioksida, Fenol Total, Flavonoid Total, Gandarusa, Justicia GendarussaAbstract
Gandarusa (Justicia gendarussa Burm.f.) merupakan tanaman obat yang telah dikenal memiliki berbagai aktivitas farmakologis, namun kajian terarah mengenai distribusi senyawa fenolik dan flavonoid pada fraksinya, serta hubungannya dengan aktivitas antioksidan dan antibakteri, masih perlu diperdalam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kandungan fenol total, flavonoid total, serta aktivitas antioksidan dan antibakteri dari ekstrak dan fraksi daun Gandarusa (J. gendarussa). Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimen laboratorium dengan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif. Daun Justicia gendarussa Burm.f. dikeringkan, dimaserasi dengan metanol, lalu difraksinasi menggunakan n-heksana, etil asetat, dan n-butanol. Kandungan fenol total diukur dengan metode Folin–Ciocalteu, sedangkan flavonoid total dengan metode kompleksasi AlCl?. Aktivitas antioksidan diuji menggunakan metode DPPH berdasarkan nilai IC??, dan aktivitas antibakteri diuji dengan metode difusi cakram terhadap lima bakteri: Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Vibrio cholerae, dan Escherichia coli. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa fraksi etil asetat memiliki kadar fenol total tertinggi (5.52 mg GAE/g), sementara fraksi n-butanol memiliki kadar flavonoid tertinggi (3.2 mg RE/g) dan aktivitas antioksidan paling baik (IC?? = 365.58 µg/mL). Ekstrak metanol menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri sedang dengan zona hambat 9.5–11 mm terhadap P. acnes, S. aureus, S. epidermidis, V. cholerae, dan E. coli. Kesimpulan penelitian bahwa ada korelasi antara kandungan senyawa fenol dan flavonoid.
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